Web frameworks
| Name | Type | Main Language | Architecture | Integrated Database | Supported Databases | Data Access | Map / Geospatial Support | PWA / Offline | Learning Curve | Typical Deployment Cost |
|---|
| HTML / CSS / JS | Static Web | HTML, CSS, JS | Static | ❌ No | ❌ None | Fetch JSON / APIs | Basic (Leaflet, MapLibre) | ✅ Very Easy | Low | Very Low |
| Joomla | CMS | PHP | Monolithic | ✅ Yes | MySQL / MariaDB | ORM + Query builder | Medium (custom tables) | ⚠️ Possible | Medium | Low |
| WordPress | CMS | PHP | Monolithic | ✅ Yes | MySQL / MariaDB | ORM (WPDB) | Basic–Medium | ⚠️ Possible | Low–Medium | Low |
| Drupal | CMS | PHP | Monolithic | ✅ Yes | MySQL, PostgreSQL | Own ORM | Medium–High | ⚠️ Possible | High | Medium |
| Astro | SSG / Jamstack | JS / TS | Jamstack | ❌ No | ❌ None | JSON, external APIs | Basic | ✅ Very Good | Low–Medium | Very Low |
| Next.js | Full-stack Framework | JS / TS | Hybrid (SSR / SSG) | ❌ No | External (SQL / NoSQL) | API routes / fetch | Medium | ✅ Good | Medium | Medium |
| Nuxt | Full-stack Framework | JS / TS | Hybrid | ❌ No | External | API / fetch | Medium | ✅ Good | Medium | Medium |
| Laravel | Backend Framework | PHP | MVC | ✅ Yes | MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite | ORM (Eloquent) | High (PostGIS) | ⚠️ Not native | Medium–High | Medium |
| Django | Backend Framework | Python | MVC | ✅ Yes | PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite | ORM | Very High (GIS) | ⚠️ Not native | High | Medium |
| Express | Backend API | JavaScript | Decoupled | ❌ No | External SQL / NoSQL | REST API | Depends on DB | ❌ No | Medium | Medium |
| MongoDB Stack | NoSQL stack | JS | Decoupled | ❌ No | MongoDB | API | High (geo queries) | ❌ No | Medium | Medium–High |
| .NET / ASP.NET Core | Full-stack Framework | C# | MVC / Hybrid | ✅ Yes | SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MySQL | ORM (Entity Framework) | High (PostGIS, spatial types) | ⚠️ Possible | Medium–High | Medium |
| Java / Spring Boot | Full-stack Framework | Java | MVC / Decoupled | ✅ Yes | PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server | ORM (Hibernate) | High (PostGIS, GIS libs) | ⚠️ Possible | High | Medium–High |
| Ruby on Rails | Full-stack Framework | Ruby | MVC | ✅ Yes | PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite | ORM (ActiveRecord) | Medium–High (PostGIS) | ⚠️ Possible | Medium–High | Medium |
| SvelteKit | Full-stack Framework / SSG | JS / TS | Jamstack / Hybrid | ❌ No | External (SQL / NoSQL) | API / fetch | Medium | ✅ Good | Medium | Low–Medium |
| Vue.js / Nuxt | Frontend / Full-stack | JS / TS | Hybrid | ❌ No | External | API / fetch | Medium | ✅ Good | Medium | Low–Medium |